ABSTRACT
Pertikaian antara suami dan isteri merupakan suatu perkara yang tidak dapat dielakkan dalam sebuah ikatan perkahwinan. Penyelesaian terhadap pertikaian ini tertakluk kepada budi bicara kedua belah pihak yang terlibat sama ada dengan perbincangan tertutup antara kedua belah pihak sahaja atau dihadapkan ke mahkamah Syariah jika tiada kata perdamaian dicapai dalam proses pra-bicara tuntutan yang dihadapkan iaitu majlis Sulh. Dari segi perundangan, proses Sulh akan dijalankan dalam tempoh yang telah ditetapkan oleh mahkamah Rendah Syariah dan diadakan sesi perjumpaan secara fizikal yang terdiri daripada kedua pihak yang bertikai dan pegawai Sulh sahaja. Sejak pandemik Covid-19 menular di seluruh dunia pada tahun 2020, majoriti aktiviti secara fizikal tidak dapat dilaksanakan dan diganti dengan aktiviti secara atas talian. Proses majlis Sulh juga tidak ketinggalan menghadapi situasi tersebut. Semenjak menularnya covid-19 proses majlis Sulh hanya boleh diadakan secara atas talian demi menjaga kemaslahatan dari segi kesihatan semua pihak yang terlibat dalam proses majlis Sulh tersebut. Justeru kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk meninjau kelancaran perjalanan proses majlis Sulh di Brunei Darussalam dan Malaysia sama ada ia berjalan dengan lancar dalam norma baharu dan mencapai objektif majlis Sulh. Metodologi kajian adalah secara kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis dokumen dan statistik. Melalui analisis dokumen, data yang diperoleh dari bahan bertulis akan diteliti, dihurai dan dianalisa. Analisis dilakukan dengan meneliti maklumat data sekunder terutama penulisan, jurnal dan artikel. Kajian mendapati faktor penularan pandemik tidak menjejaskan proses majlis Sulh yang secara lazimnya dilaksanakan secara fizikal atau bersemuka, bahkan majlis Sulh tetap boleh dijalankan dengan lancar secara atas talian sebagaimana proses lazimnya. Perdamaian adalah jalan terbaik bagi kedua belah pihak yang bertikai demi menjaga kemaslahatan ahli keluarga yang lain khususnya anak-anak, seterusnya akan mengurangkan kes-kes penceraian di era pandemik. A dispute between a husband and wife is an inevitable affair in a marriage bond. The settlement of the dispute is subject to the discretion of the two parties either with closed discussions between the two parties only or before the Syariah court if no reconciliation is reached in a pre-hearing process of claim that is brought before the Sulh council. Legally, the Sulh process will be conducted within the period stipulated by the Syariah Subordinate Court and physical meetings will be held consisting of both the disputed parties and Sulh officers only. Since the Covid-19 pandemic spread worldwide in 2020, most physical activity could not conduct and replaced online activities. The Sulh council process is also not left out in the situation. Since the spread of covid-19 pandemic the Sulh council process can only be held online to safeguard the health of all parties involved in the Sulh council process. Hence, this study was carried out to review the process of sulh council process in Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia whether it runs smoothly in the new norms and achieves the objectives of the Sulh council. Qualitative and descriptive research methodology is used in this study in applying document and statistical analysis techniques. Through document analysis, data obtained from written materials will be examined, elaborated, and analyzed. Analysis is done by examining secondary data information especially writing, journals and articles. The pandemic contagion does not affect the Sulh council process which is usually carried out physically or face-to-face, even the Sulh ceremony can still be conducted online as usual. Reconciliation is the best way for both parties who are in dispute to protect the welfare of family members, especially children.
ABSTRACT
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has impacted the aviation industry worldwide. Several restrictions and regulations have been implemented to prevent the virus's spread and maintain airport operations. To recover the trustworthiness of air travelers in the new normality, improving airport service quality (ASQ) is necessary, ultimately increasing passenger satisfaction in airports. This research focuses on the relationship between passenger satisfaction and the ASQ dimensions of airports in Thailand. A three-stage analysis model was conducted by integrating structural equation modeling, Bayesian networks, and artificial neural networks to identify critical ASQ dimensions that highly impact overall satisfaction. The findings reveal that airport facilities, wayfinding, and security are three dominant dimensions influencing overall passenger satisfaction. This insight could help airport managers and operators recover passenger satisfaction, increase trustworthiness, and maintain the efficiency of the airports in not only this severe crisis but also in the new normality.
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The insolvency of travel agencies is dealt with in a special way by the EU legislator. European Union law introduces legal solutions for the benefit of consumers insofar as the relevant services are not performed by organizers as a consequence of its insolvency. The current 2015/2302 Directive provides much more comprehensive protection than 90/314/EWG Directive for travelers in the event of insolvency of a tour operator. However, in the past, in the practical functioning of travel agencies, it has repeatedly turned out that the Polish legislation has not been able to guarantee full protection provided for in EU law. This situation has changed. In Poland, since August 1, 2018 the system of security and financial guarantees in the event of insolvency of organizers and traders facilitating linked travel arrangements consists of two pillars. If Pillar I funds are exhausted, the costs of actions taken by the Marshal of the Province related to the repatriation of the customers of an insolvent tour operator will be covered from Pillar II, which is created from contributions to the Tourist Guarantee Fund. Due to the COVID pandemic, another form of security was introduced in Poland from January 1,2021 - Tourist Assistance Fund. The fund is designed to support tourism entrepreneurs in the event of extraordinary circumstances. The aim of the paper is to present the legal regulations in force in Poland in the field of financial security of tour operators in the event of their insolvency and to analyze whether these solutions sufficiently protect the interests of travelers. Conclusions included in the paper justify the statement that the extension of the security system by Pillar II make the full protection possible. The two-pillar solution should be sufficient in case of insolvency of a travel agency and that it fully implements the EU recommendations.
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PurposeIn March 2020, the UK entered its first lockdown responding to the Covid-19 pandemic. In the same month, the Domestic Abuse Bill had its first reading in Parliament. Charities and non-governmental organisations critiqued the Bill for failing to protect migrants from domestic abuse, and not complying with the Istanbul Convention. Drawing on interviews with staff from Southall Black Sisters, this paper aims to foreground the experiences of practitioners within the women's sector to explore the unique experiences and challenges migrant and racially minoritised women encountered when seeking support from domestic abuse during the Covid-19 pandemic. It highlights how the pandemic-related lockdowns created barriers to accessing support services and housing, creating an epidemic within the pandemic, and how minoritised women and the organisations that supported them had to overcome structural barriers and racism.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff from a leading women's organisation that supports migrant and racially minoritised women. Four participants were asked questions within four themes: domestic abuse before and during the pandemic;accessing support from and reporting domestic abuse;accessibility of resources;and post-pandemic challenges. A phenomenological approach was used to analyse the transcribed interviews.FindingsParticipants consistently highlighted the unique threats and barriers migrant and racially minoritised women faced when seeking support. Barriers included racism, language barriers, cultural constraints, the triple threat of destitution, detention, deportation, and political resistance to protect migrant women from destitution/homelessness.Originality/valueThis paper provides a unique insight into the experiences of staff members within a specialist by and for women's support organisation in England and their perspectives on the barriers racially minoritised and migrant women experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic. It offers rare insights into how service users' needs changed during the lockdowns and how the pandemic affected their ability to operate.
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Help for the social care sector has come late in the day, but it's not just PPE and testing that it needs. Access to clinical expertise, palliative care, and bereavement support is also vital, reports Rachel Carter
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In England, "easements,” introduced via the Coronavirus Act 2020, were brought in at the start of the pandemic to support English local authority adult social care services. They enabled local authorities to suspend some of their mandatory duties under the Care Act 2014. Easements were only adopted by eight local authorities and for short periods, and the provision was rescinded in late 2021. This article examines why a sample of 16 local authorities, some of which were statistically close to the eight local authorities that did decide to use easements, decided not to do so. It draws on data from interviews undertaken in 2021 with Directors of Adult Services and Principal Social Workers that explored their decision-making about using easements. It also outlines their preparations prior to the pandemic reaching England, how they had operated using "flexibilities” within the Care Act thus not needing to adopt easements, and their views on those authorities that had adopted them.
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This paper presents a new method to quantify the potential user time savings if the urban bus is given preferential treatment, changing from mixed traffic to an exclusive bus lane, using a big data approach. The main advantage of the proposal is the use of the high amount of information that is automatically collected by sensors and management systems in many different situations with a high degree of spatial and temporal detail. These data allow ready adjustment of calculations to the specific reality measured in each case. In this way, we propose a novel methodology of general application to estimate the potential passenger savings instead of using simulation or analytical methods already present in the literature. For that purpose, in the first place, a travel time prediction model per vehicle trip has been developed. It has been calibrated and validated with a historical series of observations in real-world situations. This model is based on multiple linear regression. The estimated bus delay is obtained by comparing the estimated bus travel time with the bus travel time under free-flow conditions. Finally, estimated bus passenger time savings would be obtained if an exclusive bus lane had been implemented. An estimation of the passenger's route in each vehicle trip is considered to avoid average value simplifications in this calculation. A case study is conducted in A Coruña, Spain, to prove the methodology's applicability. The results showed that 18.7% of the analyzed bus trips underwent a delay exceeding 3 min in a 2,448 m long corridor, and more than 33,000 h per year could have been saved with an exclusive bus lane. Understanding the impact of different factors on transit and the benefits of a priority bus system on passengers can help city councils and transit agencies to know which investments to prioritize given their limited budget.
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The authors present this article as a blend of facts and the authors' experiences since little is currently known about interactions within the virtual world. Employees are finding that virtual meetings occur too often. In most cases, they are uninteresting and lack engagement for the participants. These combined factors lead to virtual meeting burnout and participants' multitasking instead of involvement. Continuous virtual meetings cause stress and, subsequently, other health issues;this article is a call to OD practitioners to help develop techniques to alleviate these issues. Engagement may be the solution to lessening these virtual meeting problems. The first part of the article describes what we know about virtual meetings. The last part of the article gives specific coaching directions for your clients in ways that they can increase engagement in a variety of meetings. Virtual meetings will remain in our lives and may be one of the major ways people communicate with each other. Organization development professionals in the past were the ones that increased the effectiveness and human potential of in-person meetings through the development of techniques and research. Because virtual meetings happen daily, there is a belief that we know a great deal about this form of interaction, but there is little research confirming this belief. We provide some next steps for organization development consultants and scholar-practitioners to start thinking creatively about this media, research, write, and develop innovative technology. Virtual meetings need engagement, and we are the ones with the skills to make a difference.
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PurposeThe architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry encounter substantial risks and challenges in its evolution towards sustainable development. International businesses, multinational AEC organisations, technical professionals, project and portfolio management organisations face global connectivity challenges between business units, especially during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pandemic, to manage construction megaprojects (CMPs). That raises the need to manage global connectivity as a main strategic goal of global organisations. This paper aims to investigate barriers to integrating lean construction (LC) practices and integrated project delivery (IPD) on CMPs towards the global integrated delivery (GID) transformative initiatives and develop future of work (FOW) global initiatives in contemporary multinational AEC organisations.Design/methodology/approachA two-stage quantitative and qualitative research approach is adopted. The qualitative research methodology consists of a literature review to appraise barriers to integrating LeanIPD&GID on CMPs. Barriers are arranged into six-factor clusters (FCs), with a conceptualisation of LeanIPD&GID, GID strategy placements and FOW global initiatives with multiple validations. This analysis also involved semi-structured interviews and focus group techniques. Stage two consisted of an empirical questionnaire survey that shaped the foundation of analysis and findings of 230 respondents from 23 countries with extensive cosmopolitan experience in the construction of megaprojects. The survey examined a set of 28 barriers to integrating LeanIPD&GID on CMPs resulting from a detailed analysis of extant literature after validation. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were exploited for data analysis, percentage scoring analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and eigenvalues were used to elaborate on clustered factors.FindingsThe research conceptualised LeanIPD&GID principles and proposed GID strategy placements for LeanIPD&GID transformative initiatives and FOW global initiatives. It concluded that the most significant barriers to integration of LeanIPD&GID on CMPs are "lack of mandatory building information modelling (BIM) and LC industry standards and regulations by governments”, "lack of involvement and support of governments”, "high costs of BIM software licenses”, "resistance of industry to change from traditional working practices” and "high initial investment in staff training costs of BIM”. PCA revealed the most significant FCs are "education and knowledge-related barriers”, "project objectives-related barriers” and "attitude-related barriers”. Awareness of BIM in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is higher than LC and LC awareness is higher than IPD knowledge. Whilst BIM adoption in the MENA region is higher than LC;the second is still taking its first steps, whilst IPD has little implementation. LeanBIM is slightly integrated, whilst LeanIPD integration is almost not present.Originality/valueThe research findings, conclusion and recommendation and proposed GID strategy placements for LeanIPD&GID transformative initiatives to integrating LeanIPD&GID on CMPs. This will allow project key stakeholders to place emphasis on tackling LeanIPD&GID barriers identified in this research and commence GID strategies. The study has provided effective practical strategies for enhancing the integration of LeanIPD&GID transformative initiatives on CMPs.
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[...]in 1996, with campus president support, an umbrella safety council was created that includes representation of both OSH and non-OSH activities. Over time, the non-OSH representation has expanded, incorporating representatives from areas such as human resources, building facilities management, employee assistance and wellness, mental health, environmental waste management, campus security and disaster preparedness. With the safety councils support, the wellness and employee assistance programs conducted focus group discussions and determined a major cause of the observed stress was rooted in personal financial management challenges. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the safety council members became concerned about the overall well-being of the university community and, as such, assisted in the conduct of two waves of a campus-wide survey measuring aspects such as mental health, well-being concerns about COVID-19, personal finance worries and accessing reliable sources of information.
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This constructivist grounded theory study examined practices of shaping and maintaining organizational identity and membership identification at the Mid-council level of the Presbyterian Church (USA), resulting in a model that portrays how the global pandemic generated an inflection point for leadership. Studying denominational judicatories offered a unique perspective on the impact of physical distancing on efforts to establish and maintain organizational identity and membership identification. The COVID-19 pandemic offered an opportunity to discern how leadership facilitated the communication of organizational identity and the fostering of membership identification by paying specific attention to the use of symbols during this time when communal gatherings, meetings, and traditional rituals were made impossible.After providing an overview of the study, including the study's purpose and research questions, I provide an examination of current literature in the areas of organizational identity, organizational identification, and the use of symbols in organizational culture with an emphasis on the use of rituals. Twelve different Presbyteries were researched using interviews, observations, document analysis, and focus groups as data collection methods. These mid-councils were selected to reflect equal numbers of small, medium, and large presbyteries (based on overall membership) from various parts of the country. The data acquired from these sources formed the basis for a theory that explains how the COVID-19 pandemic generated an inflection point for strengthening and weakening organizational identity for different presbyteries (i.e., mid-councils) and how underlying factors helped to determine their subsequent trajectories. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Ipswich Hospital, which also stopped offering nitrous oxide in its maternity unit in December, resumed access in February after installing new ventilation units and monitoring residual levels of the gas. NHS England said that in February 75% of patients urgently referred got a cancer diagnosis or had it ruled out within 28 days, meeting the target set out in NHS England's faster diagnosis standard.2 Access to CAR-T treatments is expanded NHS England has struck a deal with Gilead Sciences for two CAR-T treatments approved by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence to enter the Cancer Drugs Fund. Turkey earthquakes Aid efforts neglect people with disabilities The dignity and right to health of people with disabilities in displacement camps in Turkey is being undermined by the authorities' and aid agencies' response, Amnesty International has warned. Since the earthquakes struck Turkey in February an estimated 3.3 million people have been displaced and more than 100 000 injured, and 70% are estimated to have a disability.
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Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Situation von Beschäftigten und Mitbestimmungsgremien im Homeoffice jenseits und in der Corona-Krise. Adressiert wird die Frage, inwiefern das Ausweichen ins Homeoffice als gesteigerte Qualität einer ohnehin flexibilisierten betrieblichen Arbeit zu deuten ist und welche Folgen damit einhergehen. Die Analyse basiert auf 47 Interviews, die seit Januar 2020 im Rahmen von zehn Betriebsfallstudien in den Bereichen Chemie/Pharmazeutik, Metall/Elektro, Nahrungsmittelindustrie und Dienstleistungen erhoben wurden. Die empirischen Befunde verweisen dabei insbesondere auf Herausforderungen in drei Bereichen: alltägliche Arbeitspraxis und Kollegialität, Geschlechterarrangements und Arbeit der betrieblichen Interessenvertretung. Zunächst skizziert der Beitrag die bisherige betriebliche Regelungspraxis orts- und zeitflexibler Arbeit;im Weiteren werden die empirischen Erkenntnisse zu den drei genannten Themenbereichen vorgestellt. Abschließend diskutiert der Beitrag die neue Qualität des Arbeitens als „entgrenzte Flexibilität".Alternate :This paper examines the situation of employees and works councils while working from home beyond and in the Corona crisis. It addresses the question of the extent to which the switch to working from home can be interpreted as an extension of the specific character of flexibilized work, and what the consequences are. The analysis is based on 47 interviews that have been conducted since January 2020 as part of ten company case studies in the chemical/pharmaceutical, metal/electrical, and food industries and in the services sector. The empirical findings point in particular to challenges in three areas: everyday working practice and collegiality;gender arrangements;and the practice of works councils. In the beginning, the article outlines the existing practice of regulating flexible work and working time;subsequently the empirical findings on the three topics mentioned are presented. Finally, the article discusses the new character of working as "de-bounded flexibility”.
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This article proposes a policy project, centered around coordinated collective bargaining at the European Union level, to redistribute income towards low-wage workers in post-crisis Europe. It suggests we allow labor unions in sectors employing low-wage workers to present common wage demands across sectors and EU Member States. It shows that this would make union wage increases less harmful to workers and consumers than under uncoordinated sectoral bargaining, while coming more directly at the expense of managers and investors. The article then describes existing EU legal institutions that-although they do not quite amount to the policy proposed here-constitute useful precedents for it. These institutions are European social dialogue, European Works Councils, and European Framework Agreements bargained for by multinational firms and worker representatives. The article also discusses doctrines of EU competition and internal market law that could potentially be held to prohibit European cross-sectoral collective bargaining coordination. The article lays out arguments in favor of finding such coordination lawful, so that it may form part of the EU's policy arsenal to address wrenching economic inequalities worsened by the ongoing economic and health crises.
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Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Rolle der Mitbestimmung in der Ausnahmesituation der Pandemie. Anhand von exemplarischen Befunden aus drei Handlungsfeldern – der Entwicklung und Umsetzung von Maßnahmen zum Infektionsschutz, der Stabilisierung der Beschäftigung sowie der Verlagerung von Arbeit ins Homeoffice – wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob die Beteiligung am betrieblichen Krisenmanagement zu einer Stärkung oder Schwächung der Interessenvertretung führt. Die Befunde zeigen eine aktive und häufig auch als erfolgreich wahrgenommene Betriebsratsarbeit, sie zeigen aber auch erhebliche Branchenunterschiede, fortgesetzte Spaltungstendenzen und erweiterte Beteiligungsoptionen, denen die Verankerung in der Mitbestimmung fehlt. Dies deutet auf Pfadabhängigkeiten einer Mitbestimmung im Krisenmodus hin.Alternate :This paper deals with the role of co-determination in the extraordinary situation of the pandemic. Presenting exemplary findings from three fields of action, i.e. development and implementation of measures for infection prevention, stabilization of employment, and relocation of work into the home office, the paper addresses the question whether participation in crisis management leads to a strengthening or weakening of the workersʼ interest representation. The empirical findings reveal an active role of the works councils which in most cases has been perceived as successful. On the other hand, there are also indications of significant differences according to branches, continued tendencies toward fragmentation, and extended participation options lacking anchoring in the codetermination norms and institutions. These results point to path dependencies of codetermination in the crisis mode.
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BACKGROUND: Growing health professional accreditation mandates and expectations for interprofessional education (IPE) have led to heightened interest amongst health professions educators and administrators in the creation and development of effective and sustainable IPE programming. IPE ACTIVITY: At the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, an institution-wide initiative called Linking Interprofessional Networks for Collaboration (LINC) was initiated to strengthen IPE knowledge and skills, increase IPE offerings, and integrate IPE into curricula. In 2020, stakeholders developed, implemented, and evaluated a university-wide IPE activity called the LINC Common IPE Experience, which includes three collaborative online learning modules that students complete synchronously using a videoconference platform without direct faculty facilitation. Mini-lectures, interprofessional discussions, and authentic case studies using innovative media facilitated meaningful engagement of 977 students from 26 different educational programs. DISCUSSION: Quantitative and qualitative results from evaluations demonstrated significant student engagement, increased awareness and understanding of teamwork, progress towards interprofessional competency development, and benefits related to professional development. The LINC Common IPE Experience provides a valuable example of a robust, high-impact foundational IPE activity that can serve as a sustainable model for university-wide IPE. J Allied Health 2023;52(1):16-23.
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[...]the commitment of the CJS Council and past chairs, our committee and task force members, the dedication and support of Section staff, and the consistent participation of the CJS membership have all contributed to CJS continued struggle for justice reform. When we consider the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic and its devasting impact on marginalized communities, the similar deleterious and disparate impact of social and criminal legal systems on the poor and black and brown people in this country, the continued demise of unarmed black men and women at the hands of the police, the social unrest and activism that captured the conscience of a nation and the world, and even the politicized debate about the COVID-19 vaccine and climate change, it is clear. [...]the ever-present professional and membership goals: continue serving, supporting, and growing the CJS membership.
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KEYWORDS healthcare systems;nursing eduction;nursing shortage;leadership From my vantage point as a senior academic leader and manager in a college of nursing in an academic health science center, I recently read Our Iceberg Is Melting (Kotter & Rathgeber, 2006) as part of preparing for an administrative retreat. Budgeting is centralized, and nursing staff are considered to be a cost center. Because of the shortage of nurses who are qualified and willing to work in current inpatient systems, much of the conversation has turned to short-term solutions, including traveling nurses and other contingent workers. Decades of research provide data that lead to two major, modifiable dynamics that have contributed to fragmentation and lack of institutional commitment by nurses: poor workplace conditions and inadequate and inflexible staffing models.
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Is the air safe to breathe? Is the water safe to drink? Can I feed my child the apple I bought at the grocery store? Is my house safe from toxic substances? How will climate change-related flooding and drought impact food security? These are some of the questions environmental health science professionals are trained to counter. From the time John Snow removed the pump handle and Rachel Carson described the origin of a Silent Spring, environmental health professionals consistently provided the evidence that the health of the environment is inextricably linked to that of people. Never before has the profession been in such need of bolstering its workforce. Over the last few decades many communities have taken for granted the ability to control disease outbreaks and have access to safe food, clean water, healthy homes, and reliable sanitation. This trend has been combined with a realization that the traditional definition of environment is no longer relevant.